The most popular are tomatoes and cucumbers but this great infographic shows the others http://agrilicious.org/goodlife/grow-local .

Here is a link that might be useful: http://agrilicious.org/goodlife/grow-local

here tomatoes are no 1 then zucchini squash,I planted a little of everything with veggies high I thought I could take off the summer of buying veggies & fruits.Doing good so far lots of tomatoes squash all kinds,peas,beans,peppers,lettace,beets,cabbage,I even have asparagus never liked it never ate Im over 50.I put olive oil pepper little salt roast in the oven mmm good/.

I would say tomatoes and sweet corn are the only ones that really taste better home grown.