Black Manufactured Wood Nightstands and Bedside Tables

Looking for a unique contemporary nightstand? Check out the Camerun Night Stand! This stylish piece features an ergonomic design and plenty of storage space, making it perfect for any modern bedroom.

At only 22.2 inches high ( (22,2"H X 17,70"W X 13,70"D) it's ideal for small spaces. So make your bedroom, even more, inviting with the Camerun Night Stand. Available in White, Black, Light Oak or Smoky Oak.

Features

• Made of Medium Density Fiberboard
• Two Shelves
• One Door Drawer
• Engineered particle board Tabletop
• Four Steel legs

FM Furniture is dedicated to the manufacture and market of ready-to-assemble furniture for everyday life. Our focus is on offering unique products, providing a perfect combination of competitive prices, excellent quality and functional and innovative designs. All our products are designed to fulfill a multifunctional purpose for your home and store all kinds of items, manufactured in high quality CARB certified laminate composite wood panels.

With a clean cut silhouette and simple metal brushed accents, this side table is a perfect addition to a stylish restful retreat. Three sliding drawers open to reveal plenty of room to tuck away small daily must-haves, while the top offers space to place a lamp, books, framed photos and glossy ceramic vases. This table features real wood veneers on all exterior surfaces. Sleek and sophisticated, this is the perfect piece to give your living space an uplifting atmosphere

ABOUT THE BRAND:

NICOLE MILLER IS A GLOBAL BRAND, DESIGNED IN NEW YORK CITY WITH A SIGNATURE OF GRAPHIC PRINTS, LUXE FABRICS AND INNOVATIVE SILHOUETTES. SINCE LAUNCHING IN 1982, THE NICOLE MILLER BRAND HAS GROWN GREATLY AND IS NOW COMPRISED OF NUMEROUS CATEGORIES INCLUDING SHOES, JEWELRY, ACTIVE WEAR AND HOME DECOR. OUR FURNITURE COLLECTION CONSISTS OF UPHOLSTERED OTTOMANS, BENCH'S, BEDS, HEADBOARDS, SOFAS, SIDE-TABLES, NIGHT STANDS, BEDROOM FURNITURE, ACCENT CHAIRS, BAR STOOLS, DINING CHAIRS AND TABLES, WE SET OUT TO DELIVER A SENSE OF HOME WITH STYLE & COMFORT!
Disclaimer: The digital images we display have the most accurate color possible. However, due to differences in computer monitors, we cannot be responsible for variations in color between the actual product and your screen.

• TIMELESS AND MODERN � Our modern wood veneer side table with its clean straight lines silhouette and classic look match perfectly with any decor theme. This design goes with any interior: modern, contemporary, traditional, transitional, vintage, urban, mid-century, industrial and even victorian
• ACCENT PIECE - An indispensable accent piece really brings a room together. With a slightly retro feel that has a strong contemporary twist, this accent table boasts a timeless appeal. Stainless Steel legs and T-bar handle in brushed finish complete the total look and make this piece stand out
• EXTRA STORAGE - This fashionable accent table features 3 drawers with T-bar handles that allow to match fashion with function giving you ample space to store your favorite books, magazines, accessories and other living essentials
• VERSATILE USE - Side table will add a designer touch to any space. Can be used as a nightstand in bedroom, an end table in living room, an accent table in office, entryway, dining room or bathroom
• MEASUREMENTS � 24"W x 18"D x 24"H. Drawer: 20�W x 12.6�D x 3.26�H
• DISPLAY - The rectangular top surface is perfect to display a lovely floral arrangement, lamp, or family photos
• ECO-FRIENDLY MATERIAL - Made of MDF- wood
• EASY ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS - Stress free assembly and easy-to-follow directions

The Pacifica Nightstand features 2 drawers with metal handles. The finish of the nightstand is a rich wire brushed Ebony Oak finish that is hand stained. The simple yet elegant design of this nightstand allows it to complement both traditional and contemporary style of furniture making an ideal addition to any home. The Pacifica nightstand measures - 28 in. W x 20 in. D x 28 in. H. and comes fully assembled.

Product Details:

• 28 in. W x 20 in. D x 28 in. H.
• 100 lbs
• Made from MDF, Wood Veener, and Metal Handles
• No Assembly Required
• Made in Vietnam

Introducing the Carnforth 2-Drawer Nightstand Duo: Elevate your bedside experience with the perfect marriage of functionality and style. The Carnforth nightstands redefine your night routine, offering a fusion of practicality and aesthetic appeal that enhances the ambiance of your bedroom. This nightstand set of 2 is not just furniture; it's an expression of your distinctive taste. The white nightstand set of 2 exudes timeless charm, while the black nightstand, with its captivating rattan design, adds a touch of bohemian sophistication to your bedroom decor. Meticulously crafted, the Carnforth nightstands bring a sense of warmth and versatility to your bedside essentials. Whether you value bedside storage or the aesthetic allure of a wood nightstand, Carnforth ensures that your nightly retreat is a luxurious experience. Immerse yourself in the perfect fusion of form and function with the Carnforth 2-Drawer Nightstand Duo—a testament to the art of refined living. Elevate your sleep sanctuary with this exceptional addition, featuring a distinctive rattan design that adds a breath of fresh air to your bedroom ensemble.

Features:

• Number of Drawer: 2
• Assembly Required
• Paper Foil Lamination
• Drawer Glide: Metal runner glides
• Handle: Metal Handle
• Estimate time to Assembly: 60 minutes

This Nightstand is modern meets classic and is designed to suit different decorating styles. This one-of-a-kind nightstand features a beautiful tabletop (28.38"W) for showcasing your favourite books or decorations. It contains two spacious drawers (15.94"W x 4.72"H) for more secure and organized storage of your belongings. It also includes two metal handles for a classy look. Its size (24,25"H x2 6,62"W x 15,74"D) and sleek black finish make it ideal for any bedroom.

Features

• Four Legs (Modern Style)
• Two Drawers
• Tabletop 26,62"W X 15,74"D
• Modern meets Classic style
• Features two metal handles for a classy look

FM Furniture is dedicated to the manufacture and market of ready-to-assemble furniture for everyday life. Our focus is on offering unique products, providing a perfect combination of competitive prices, excellent quality and functional and innovative designs. All our products are designed to fulfill a multifunctional purpose for your home and store all kinds of items, manufactured in high quality CARB certified laminate composite wood panels.

Value and looks make this ready to assemble nightstand/ end table a perfect piece for any living place. Featuring 2 easy pull drawer and an a spacious storage shelf. Instructions guide available for convenient and easy assembly experience. Available colors options for your convenience.

Philadelphia Nightstand is a stylish and functional addition to your bedroom or living room. It is perfect for storing your personal belongings next to your bed or sofa, with a spacious top that can hold your books, phone, or decorative items. The nightstand has a shelf and 2 drawers for extra storage space, and all-metal railings and pulls make it a lasting product. The nightstand is available in light oak, white-light oak, dark brown, smokey oak, white, light gray, smokey oak/white, and black finishes. The dimensions of the product are 15.7" W x 14.7" D x 19.9" H.

Features

• Neat companion to store personal belongings
• Features 2 drawers for your convenience
• Features open shelf ideal for displaying books and decorative pieces
• Spacious top for books, phone, or decorative items
• Features metal handles for added durability
• Available in multiple color variations
• One year warranty included
• Complete your room with other items from the collection (sold separately)

FM Furniture is dedicated to the manufacture and market of ready-to-assemble furniture for everyday life. Our focus is on offering unique products, providing a perfect combination of competitive prices, excellent quality and functional and innovative designs. All our products are designed to fulfill a multifunctional purpose for your home and store all kinds of items, manufactured in high quality CARB certified laminate composite wood panels.

The unique and minimalist design of the Bristol Nightstand makes it a beautiful addition to any bedroom. Despite its small size, this piece offers ample storage space with a large cabinet and open shelf. The Bristol Nightstand is made from high-quality engineered wood with a smooth finish and comes in various colors to match any decor. This nightstand features a sleek and simple design that's easy to clean and maintain. The product dimensions are 16" W x 20" D x 23.5" H, making it a perfect fit for any space.

Features

• Spacious top surface ideal for displaying your favorite decorative pieces
• Features an open shelf for easy access to frequently used items
• Includes large cabinet to your personal belongings neatly out of sight
• Sturdy handles made of steel with a nickel-plated finish
• One year warranty included
• Complete your room with other items from the collection (sold separately)
• TSCA compliant and okay to be sold in US
• FSC certified and CPSIA compliant
• Each product is high quality and ensures multifunctional use

FM Furniture is dedicated to the manufacture and market of ready-to-assemble furniture for everyday life. Our focus is on offering unique products, providing a perfect combination of competitive prices, excellent quality and functional and innovative designs. All our products are designed to fulfill a multifunctional purpose for your home and store all kinds of items, manufactured in high quality CARB certified laminate composite wood panels.

Revamp your bedroom with this bedroom contemporary 2 drawer nightstand. This nightstand features clean angled lines, metal rails on both drawers, a unique combination of high gloss black and gray surface. It is made of poplar wood, mdf, lacquer and covered in high shiny gloss.

• Dimension 21"L x 16"D x 18"H
• Color Black/ Zebra
• Includes: One (1) Nightstand
• Material: Poplar Wood, MDF, Lacquer and High Gloss
• Special Features: 2 Drawers with all metal side rails, black interior, covered in high gloss, no assembly is required
• Assembly not required

Introducing the Xylon 2-Drawer Nightstand Ensemble: Elevate your bedside ambiance with a perfect fusion of style and functionality. The Xylon nightstand set of 2 is more than just a bedside companion; it's an embodiment of timeless design and meticulous craftsmanship. Experience the sophistication of a white nightstand duo that seamlessly combines classic charm with a modern aesthetic. The black nightstand set of 2, featuring subtle Louis Phillipe accents, brings an air of regal elegance to your bedroom sanctuary. Crafted with precision, these nightstands redefine bedside storage, providing not just functionality but an elevated experience. Whether you're reaching for essentials or reveling in the exquisite aesthetics, Xylon stands as a symbol of your discerning taste. Transform your nightly retreat into a haven of opulence and practicality with Xylon—where each detail speaks volumes about your commitment to both style and utility.

Features:

• Number of Drawer: 2
• Assembly Required
• Spray painted and Paper Foil Lamination
• Drawer Glide: Metal runner glides
• Handle: Metal Handle
• Estimate time to Assembly: 30 minutes

Personalize your bedroom by placing your bedroom essentials on the lovely and practical Vanda 1-drawer nightstand, available in two-tone finishing in walnut and black. Constructed of high-density engineered wood board base for a sturdy and durable quality with a melamine finish for smooth and resilient style, the Vanda features scratch-resistant, stain-resistant, and water-proof melamine for exceptional durability. Design features one drawer, an open shelf and top shallow shelf for a lamp, books and bedroom articles. Sleek, handle-less drawers for simple functionality with minimalist looks. Contemporary style in two-tone finish, walnut and black, complements a range of themes and color palettes. Made in Malaysia, the Vanda nightstand requires assembly.

Don't lose another item in the dark again, this nightstand adds practicality and flair to any bedroom. This item comes with two storage drawers for your convenience to keep your things hidden and organized. Its compact size is ideal for bedrooms of all sizes. Featuring delicate hairpin legs in your choice of a black wenge, white, or light oak particle board finish, rest assured that this 22.4" tall nightstand will fit seamlessly alongside all bed styles.

Features

• Product dimensions are 22.44" H x 17.71" W x 13.70" D
• Includes 2 easy-access drawers ideal for storing daily necessities
• Metal legs provide added stability
• Easy to assemble and suitable for all level furniture builders
• Enjoy free 1 year warranty for this product
• Please note that decor and setting objects are not included with this product
• Complete your room with other items from the collection (sold separately)
• TSCA compliant and valid to be sold in US
• FSC certified and CPSIA compliant product
• Crafted from high-quality materials and built to last

FM Furniture is dedicated to the manufacture and market of ready-to-assemble furniture for everyday life. Our focus is on offering unique products, providing a perfect combination of competitive prices, excellent quality and functional and innovative designs. All our products are designed to fulfill a multifunctional purpose for your home and store all kinds of items, manufactured in high quality CARB certified laminate composite wood panels.

Introducing Ireton 2-Drawer Nightstand Duo: Elevate your bedside experience with the epitome of sophistication. The Ireton nightstand set of 2 is not just functional; it's a testament to refined design and impeccable craftsmanship. Immerse yourself in the luxury of a white nightstand ensemble that effortlessly marries timeless elegance with modern flair. The black nightstand set of 2, adorned with subtle Louis Phillipe details, adds a touch of regality to your bedroom sanctuary. Crafted with precision, these nightstands redefine the art of bedside storage. Whether you're reaching for essentials or appreciating the exquisite aesthetics, Ireton stands tall as a symbol of your elevated taste. Transform your night space into a realm of opulence and practicality with Ireton—where every detail speaks volumes about your commitment to style and functionality.

Features:

• Number of Drawer: 2
• Ultra-fast easy assembly: no screws
• Spray painted and Paper Foil Lamination
• Metal drawer runners for high-quality smooth operation
• Handle: Metal Handle
• Estimate time to Assembly: 30 minutes

Introducing the Xylon 2-Drawer Nightstand Ensemble: Elevate your bedside ambiance with a perfect fusion of style and functionality. The Xylon nightstand set of 2 is more than just a bedside companion; it's an embodiment of timeless design and meticulous craftsmanship. Experience the sophistication of a white nightstand duo that seamlessly combines classic charm with a modern aesthetic. The black nightstand set of 2, featuring subtle Louis Phillipe accents, brings an air of regal elegance to your bedroom sanctuary. Crafted with precision, these nightstands redefine bedside storage, providing not just functionality but an elevated experience. Whether you're reaching for essentials or reveling in the exquisite aesthetics, Xylon stands as a symbol of your discerning taste. Transform your nightly retreat into a haven of opulence and practicality with Xylon—where each detail speaks volumes about your commitment to both style and utility.

Features:

• Number of Drawer: 2
• Assembly Required
• Spray painted and Paper Foil Lamination
• Drawer Glide: Metal runner glides
• Handle: Metal Handle
• Estimate time to Assembly: 30 minutes

• The Pictor nightstand is great for you if you want to keep your room organized while still keeping your important items close to reaching.

Its countertop (21,49'')is great for the small items we need close at hand, with a large drawer (15,2''W X 12.6'' H) for your favorite books or ornaments and a drawer for keeping your most important belongings.

• Its proportions (21.73"H X 16.69"W X 13.58"D) are ideal for any room.
• Particleboard with a matte black surface.

Assembled nightstand is finished in wood veneers over manufactured and solid wood. Intricate features include center support metal glides, dovetail construction, and spacious storage space. Choose from a variety of colors available for your convenience.

With the aura of a rustic mountain cottage, the Linville Falls Two-Drawer Nightstand has an airy feel with an open area at the top and two self-closing drawers. Crafted of Pine Veneers, the nightstand is finished in Shadow, a charred black finish achieved through Shou Sugi Ban, a Japanese technique that creates a look resembling burnt wood. Textured metal bar pulls in an antique pewter finish add an organic accent. Functional features include a double USB charging port and a cord clip on the back.

Assembled nightstand is finished in wood veneers over manufactured and solid wood. Intricate features include center support metal glides, dovetail construction, and spacious storage space. Choose from a variety of colors available for your convenience.

Add style and charm to your bedroom with this elegant black finish nightstand, perfect to keep your go-to items at your nearest dispense. This black nightstand features a minimalist design with simple hardware and clean lines to lend your home a contemporary feel.This night stand features a compact size that fits easily in smaller spaces.Two generously sized drawers provide ample storage for your belongings.

A mid-century modern night stand offers a classic addition to any space. With clean curves around the trim, you'll have no problem fitting this piece in any bedroom or guest room. Equipped with convenient storage for optimum organization, this nightstand provides an exceptional choice of character for your bedroom.

• Finished in a durable faux grain
• Bottom shelf easily accessible for storage
• Inside of drawers finished with faux wood to match outside design
• Floor protectors on feet to help prevent scratches
• Drawers slide smoothly on sturdy metal drawer glides for easy access
• Framed with a charming chamfered trim and accented by lightly brushed metal handles
• Made in Malaysia

This contemporary nightstand will provide much convenience for your room decoration. With two spacious drawers, this 2 drawer nightstand will meet all of your bedroom storage needs, like space for clothing and linen. Drawer fronts are beveled and accented with modern brushed nickel hardware.A good nightstand will definitely bring great convenience to your room. So just bring it home to start an easier lifestyle. Available in black.

Revamp your bedroom with stylish furnishings like the transitional nightstand to add the gorgeous nuance you've been looking for. Each of the two drawers features full extension metal glides, while also exhibiting silver bail handles to add class to this beautiful one-of-a-kind design. Rounded edges along the front frame provide visual appeal while the sturdy L-shaped brackets offer sturdy support for the piece.

Add style and charm to your bedroom with this elegant black finish night stand, perfect to keep your go-to items at your nearest dispense.Embellish your bedroom space with this contemporary-styled white wooden night stand. This night stand has one drawer and an open shelf for easy storage and organization.This night stand features a compact size that fits easily in smaller spaces.Hold reading glasses, a book, or face cream for nightly routines with this night stand.

Value and looks make this ready to assemble nightstand/ end table a perfect piece for any living place. Featuring 1 easy pull drawer and an a spacious storage shelf. Instructions guide available for convenient and easy assembly experience. Available colors options for your convenience.

This upholstered nightstand demonstrates how minimalism can be both chic and sophisticated. The timeless and contemporary design emphasizes clean. rectangular lines and smooth surfaces. This bedroom accent features a foam padded plywood frame. upholstered in black leather look fabric. The chrome finished metal drawer knobs provide a contrast to this upholstered side table as an additional style element. This nightstand also features two storage drawers. giving you more places to store items at your bedside. This collection includes a matching bed available in either Queen. Twin or Full size which is sold separately.

Value and looks make this ready to assemble nightstand/ end table a perfect piece for any living place. Featuring 1 easy pull drawer and an a spacious storage shelf. Instructions guide available for convenient and easy assembly experience. Available colors options for your convenience.

A nightstand is the last thing you see before you fall asleep and the first thing you see when you wake up. This nightstand in black finish fits in a variety of design aesthetics from classic to contemporary and showcases a clean-lined silhouette. It will be the perfect complement for your decoration. Add this simple but versatile nightstand to your room for a beautiful accent and start a more relaxing lifestyle after a long day.

This Brady Furniture nightstand is available in a variety of Colors. Simplified design at a budget price, this nightstand can accommodate any living space where extra storage is needed. Ships KD for EZ-Delivery

The Picket House Furnishings Brooks 3-Drawer Nightstand is going to look amazing in your bedroom! This bedside staple offers three spacious drawers for storage; while the top drawer features black, felt lining for you to easily store away your more delicate belongings. Another great thing about this nightstand is the two USB ports in the back that will keep your devices charged while you sleep. The dark metal drawer hardware beautifully pairs with the black finish, making it a gorgeous combo that will never go out of style. Bevel edges and bun feet complete the look of this transitional style chest. Add this piece to your home today for a look that you'll enjoy day after day!

The Nova Domus Cartier Nightstand is a credit to its brilliant designer. The soft rose gold metal framing masterfully surrounds the bold black high gloss of the nightstand. Two soft closing drawers create ultimate functionality. Perfect for a glamourous modern home, this nightstand will pair perfectly with the Cartier Dresser, Bed, and Chest for a full set.

• Black High Gloss Finish
• 2 Drawers
• Rosegold Stainless Steel
• Fully Assembled

Introducing the Zaffy 2-Drawer Nightstand: Elevate your bedside setting with a perfect blend of style and functionality. This nightstand transcends the ordinary; it's a testament to timeless design and impeccable craftsmanship. Whether you opt for the crisp elegance of the white nightstand or the modern sophistication of the black nightstand, the Zaffy 2-Drawer Nightstand caters to your unique taste. Crafted with meticulous attention to detail, it seamlessly marries form and function, presenting a sophisticated solution to bedside storage. More than just a piece of furniture, this nightstand is a statement—a representation of versatile design that revolutionizes the realm of bedroom furniture. Immerse yourself in the flawless fusion of grace and practicality with the Zaffy 2-Drawer Nightstand—a tribute to unique style that transforms your sleep space into a sanctuary of sophistication. Experience the purity of a white nightstand or the contemporary allure of a black nightstand. Make a bold impression in your bedroom with Zaffy—a masterpiece that harmonizes classic charm and modern aesthetics, delivering a distinctive blend of timeless appeal and contemporary elegance.

Features:

• Number of Drawer: 2
• Assembly Required
• Paper Foil Lamination
• Drawer Glide: Metal runner glides
• Handle: Metal Handle
• Estimate time to Assembly: 60 minutes

Transitional-rustic styling is expertly achieved in the design of the McKewen Collection. The two-tone faux wood look of melamine provides distinct contrast with antique white and brown lending visual texture to the nightstand. The classic framing of the collection is paired with knob hardware that features white wood and black metal, to complete the rustic look.

• Made of embossed faux-wood veneer and wood
• 2 tone finish (antique white and brown)
• 2 drawers with metal on metal center glides
• 2 tone round knobs
• Assembly required

Additional dimension

• Drawer interior: 13.75x12x3.25(1); 13.75x12x7.5(1)

The Picket House Furnishings Hendrix Two-Drawer Nightstand is going to look amazing in your bedroom! This bedside staple comes with two, spacious drawers, allowing you to store away your belongings. The top drawer features a black, felt-lining making it easy to store away your more valuable items. The sleek, bronze drawer pulls finish of this piece beautifully. The bottom drawer comes with a dust proofing layer to help further protect your belongings. Add this transitional piece to your home today for a look that will never go out of style!

With its beautiful design, the Hyacinth Nightstand adds a touch of sophistication to any space. Measuring 18.89" W x 15.74" D x 21.88" H, this nightstand is lightweight and ergonomic, making it easy to move and store. It features a spacious top perfect for placing your books, phone, or decorative items. Additionally, it has 1 drawer and 1 open shelf for extra storage space to keep your personal belongings within easy reach. Crafted from engineered wood, this nightstand is built to last. All-metal railings and pulls provide the perfect complement to the elegant design, ensuring that this piece of furniture will continue to enhance your decor for years to come. This nightstand is available in light gray and black.

Features

• Nightstand is lightweight and ergonomic, making it easy to move and store
• Features a spacious top surface suitable for bedside essentials and decorative items
• Includes 1 drawer for gadgets and necessities
• Features 1 open shelf for extra storage space
• All-metal handles provide the perfect complement to the elegant design
• Engineered wood in a light gray finish is suitable for all decor styles
• One year warranty included
• Complete your room with other items from the collection (sold separately)

FM Furniture is dedicated to the manufacture and market of ready-to-assemble furniture for everyday life. Our focus is on offering unique products, providing a perfect combination of competitive prices, excellent quality and functional and innovative designs. All our products are designed to fulfill a multifunctional purpose for your home and store all kinds of items, manufactured in high quality CARB certified laminate composite wood panels.

The Lily Nightstand is the perfect solution for those who want to keep their rooms clutter-free. The nightstand features 2 drawers that can be used to store accessories and gadgets, and the superior top can be used to display your favorite decor or a lamp. Made of engineered wood in a black finish and measuring 23.62" W x 15.75" D x 21.65" H, the nightstand also features a drawer slide made of cold-rolled zinc steel for better durability.

Features

• Provides storage for accessories and gadgets to keep the room organized
• Spacious top can be used to display decor or a lamp
• Features 2 sliding drawers made of cold-rolled zinc steel for better durability
• Sleek black finish is suitable for all decor styles
• Compact size fits seamlessly alongside most bed frames
• One year warranty included
• Complete your room with other items from the collection (sold separately)

FM Furniture is dedicated to the manufacture and market of ready-to-assemble furniture for everyday life. Our focus is on offering unique products, providing a perfect combination of competitive prices, excellent quality and functional and innovative designs. All our products are designed to fulfill a multifunctional purpose for your home and store all kinds of items, manufactured in high quality CARB certified laminate composite wood panels.

Add a natural touch to your bedroom space with this Sage white wood veneer night stand from Meridian Furniture. This rectangular night stand features rich ash wood veneer with a white finish, ensuring it complements your existing bedroom decor. A natural cane drawer front gives a unique touch to this piece, as well as providing you with plenty of storage space. A shelf beneath the drawer provides additional storage space if needed. This night stand comes with complete sets of both gold and chrome handles, so you can pick which color best suits your taste.

• Overall Product Dimensions: 24" W x 18" D x 24" H
• Rich Wood Frame
• Natural Cane Drawer Front
• White Finish
• Complete Sets of Gold & Chrome Handles Included to suite your decor
• Drawer Dimension 22"W x 15"D x 9"H
• Contemporary Design
• Natural Wood Grain Variation - No Item has the same grain finish or wood knots due to natural factors.